Internal-combustion engine.



G. W. JONES. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE APPLICATION FILED MAR,10.191Jv Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

I'IE- FIG. 1.

Inventor Witnesses GEORGE WASHINGTON JONES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

, INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed March 10, 1913.

To all whom it may concern Be it lmown that I, GEORGE VVAsHINqroN JONES, a citizen of the United States, and a residentof Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion "Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following description of my said inventiQn, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, forms a full, clear, and exact specification, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has general reference to internal combustionrengines; in particular, to that type known as two cycle engines, and it consists, essentially, in the novel and peculiar combination of parts and details of 4 construction, as hereinafter first fully set forth and described and then set forth in the claim.

In ,thedrawings already referred to, which serve to illustrate my said invention more fully, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a two cycle engine embodying my'invention, showing the working piston thereof at the beginning of its stroke; Fig. 2, a similar section showing the piston at approximately its lowest position; Fig. 3, a like section, illustrating the piston in a position shortly after the beginning of the up or return stroke; Fig. 4, a plan of the engine; Fig. 5, a Section through the inlet valve located on the cylinder head of the engine, and Fig. 6, I a section through a secondary piston embodied in my invention.

Like parts are designated by corresponding characters and symbols of reference in all the figures of the drawing.

The aim and object of my invention is the production of a two cycle, internal combustion engine in which the undesirable qualities common to that type of motor are eliminated, such', as for instance, the necessity for a closed, tight crank case, to maintain what is known as crank case compression, the liability of premature explosions, and the frequent mixing of the gases of combos tion .with the incoming charge.

.In practising my invention, the foul or exploded gases are forced out of the cylinder by means of asecondary piston located in the engine cylinder, above or behind the working piston therein, and, which,'when in" its upper position, is'directly adjacent the cylinder head 'af'the motor, with but very Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

Serial No. 753,857.

little clearance between. Said secondarypiston is at rest during approximately 135 degrees of crank revolution on the downward stroke of the working piston, at which point the said working piston has half uncovered the exhaust port in the cylinder. As the working piston passes the above mentioned point, the secondary piston is caused to rapidly descend to a point half covering the e'xhaustport, during which time the crank has advanced to'225 degrees of revolution; the working piston completed its down stroke, and begun its return, practically meeting the secondary piston. Before actual contact of the two pistons has taken place, however, the secondary pistonv has been caused to begin its return stroke at an accelerated velocity, so as to reach its highest point approximately 30 degrees in advance of the working piston.

The cylinder head of the motor Visprovided with a typical spring seated inlet valve for the explosive mixture, which valve is caused to open as a result of the atmospheric ra-refication taking place as the downwand stroke of the secondary piston, thereby admitting the-said mixture into the cylinder in the space between the cylinder headand the said secondary piston. This piston is provided with one or more spring seated valves, the opening of which is caused at the beginning of the return stroke ofvv said piston, thereby permitting the transfer of the mixture from above the secondary piston to the space between the two pistons. It will thus be observed that a positive ejection of the exploded gases, will have taken while transferring through the valve or' valves in said piston, resulting from the heat of compression, I have provided means to include the secondary piston in the water cooling system of the motor, so that a circulation of water takes place throughout the b A 18 the motor or engine cyllnder, having outer and inner walls 1 and 2, respectively,,

with an annularwatcr circulating chamber 3 therebetween. Properly positionedin said side walls 1 and 2, is formed a boss 4, the interior of which is cored out to provide an exhaust port 5, having a threaded openin 6,to which the usual exhaust pipe or mu her (not shown) may be attached. Atthe' lower extremity of cylinder A, is provided a threaded opening 7, for in ress of a coolmg medium to the annular c mber 3, and, near the up er end of said; cylinder is formed a co ret 8, communicating with the interior 0 the same, for the reception of a is connected by wires 10 andlO to suite e timing mechanism not shown.

The lower end of cylinder to a base or crank case B, which crank case is provided on its side walls 13, with the usual journal boxes or main bearings to support for rotation, a crankshaft 10. On the exterior of said base or-crank case, are integrally formed a pair of journal brackets 11 and 11, for the reception of an oscillatable shaft 12,. for purposes hereinafter described.- I

Closing the upper end of the cylinder A is a cylinder head C, composed-of outer and inner walls 14 and 15, and, therebetween, a water chamber 16, which is in communication with the annular water chamber 3 in the cylinder A. Centrally of thishead is spark plug 9, which plugl provided a circular opening for the passage therethrough of a hollow piston rod 17, a

.tight joint being maintained around said rod bymeans of a'stufiing box 18 and a gland 19. The lower end of this piston rod is securely fastened to a secondary piston 20, shown. in detail in Fig. 6. As seen, this piston has annular, intercommunicating, interior water passages 21 an l 21", connecting, by means of outlets 22 and 22, to the interior 23 of the hereinbefore mentioned'hollow piston rod-'17.

Passing through secondary piston 20 are a suitable number of round openings 24, the

seats for valves 25, which valves are provided with studs or stems 26 and springs 27 supported by cross bars 28 within said openings 24. The object of the springs 27 is to maintain the valves 25 in closed position and against their seats. Y

The upper or free end of hollow piston rod 17 enters a cylindrical member 28, which has a stufling box 29 at its lower end encirclingsaid rod, and a threaded opening '11 is fastened 30 at its upper extremity. Said member 28 is supported a proper distance above cylinder head C, axially with-rod 17, by means of brackets ,31 and 32, the latter of which has'an internal water passageway 33, communicating with the interior of member 28 at its upper end and with the water chamber 16 in head C at its lower e'xtrenuty.-

Said member 28,-brackets 31and 32, and

cylinder head C, are formed integral in the circulation of said medium will take place through the hollow piston rod 17 and Piston 20.

Located on the face of cylinder head C is a hollow, valve protuberance 33,-Figs. 4 and 5, having a spring seated internal inlet valve 34 and an opening 35, to which the usual type of carburetor (not shown) may be attached by suitable fittings. Adapted to reciprocate in cylinder A is a trunk piston 36, connected tmthecrank shaft 10 by a suitable connecting rod 37. Fastened to hollow piston rod 17, intermediate; the stufiing boxes 19 and 29 and 'is a cross head 38, extending diametrically beyond the outline of cylinder A, as clearly seen in Fig.4. v.At the free, oppositeends of this cross head are pivoted, depending" connecting rods 39 and 40, the lower ends of which rods are connected to the ..free ends of rocker arms 41 and 42. The pppo site ends of these rocker arms are keyed,

or otherwise rigidly fastened to the oscilla table shaft 12, already referred to, which,

is supported in journals 11 and 11" on crank case B. Medially of the length: of

rocker arms 41 and 42, are journaled rollers 43 and 44, which rollers contactwith the peripheries of earns 45 and 46, respectively, which cams are fixed on crank shaft 10. These cams have each the following characteristics and operate in unison: a dwell for.

180 degrees at the point of greatest throw, a quick return to point of least throw for 90 degrees. and an accelerating advance tOf the point of greatest throw for the. remain- ,ing 90 degrees of the circle. ,Saidcams lower ends of which are beveled to produce are fastened to crank shaftlo in such a po sition that the dwell willbegin 'appr.oxi-'.

and the other firmly fixed to shaft 12, so

that the tendency, of said spring will be is depress the outer or free ends of the rocker arms 41 and 42, It will now be observed that the revolution of the crank shaft will result, through the action of cams 745 and 46, rollers 4 and H, rocker arms 41 and 42, connecting rods 39 and 40, cross head 38, and piston rod 17, .in the intermittent motion of the-secondary piston 20, as hereinbefore outlined.

I nowcall attention to the fact that my type of construction may be applied toeither vertical or horizontal engines, and to multicylinder motors, as well, without change or modification.

While-herein I have disclosed the preferred mode of practising my invention, I wish it understood that I may make changes or alterations therein-uvithout departing from the spirit or scope thereof, so long as the elemental essentials are retained.

' Having thus fully described my invention, -'I declare as new and desire to secure to myself by Letters Patent of the United States I 4 Andnternal combustion engine including a cylinder having an inlet valve and an exhaust port, a base for supporting said cylin der, a crank shaft supported by the base, a

working piston in the cylinder, means connecting the crank shaft and the piston for reciprocating said, piston, a secondary piston in the cylinder, a piston rod for said piston and operable in one head of the cylin der, a spring pressed shaft supported by the base, rdcker arms having one of their ends fixed to the shaft, a cross head fixed 'by permitting a charge to pass from one side of said piston to the other, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set .my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE WASHINGTON JONES. In the presence of- R. A. Jones, WILLIAM O. STARK. 

